The investigation of landscape, nature and ecology in contemporary art has its roots, in part, in the legacy of Romanticism and the search for man's place within the world.

Showing posts with label Eco-Art. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Eco-Art. Show all posts

Friday, January 28, 2011

Taiwan eco-art exhibition Going Green tours America – curator interview

ENVIRONMENTAL ART TAIWANESE ARTISTS ART EXHIBITIONS AMERICA

Environmental art in Asia is not a subject we’ve touched on much here at Art Radar. So when we heard about “Going Green”, an environmental art exhibition that took Taiwanese artists and their art to America, we decided to interview curator Jane Ingram Allen to find out more.

Chien-hua Huang's 'Rhinoceros' (2006) from his "Beasts" series. This photograph was exhibited as part of the 2010 exhibition "Going Green". Image courtesy of the artist.

Chien-hua Huang's 'Rhinoceros' (2006) from his "Beasts" series. This photograph was exhibited as part of the 2010 exhibition "Going Green". Image courtesy of the artist.

Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan” is the brainchild of American-born Taiwan-based paper artist, curator and arts writer Jane Ingram Allen. Allen has been living in Taiwan since 2004 and during this time has been involved in a huge number of public and community-based art programmes, the most recent being the 2010 ChengLong Wetlands International Environmental Art Project. She is also the founder of the Guandu International Outdoor Sculpture Festival and was the event’s curator between 2006 and 2009.

“Going Green” began in June 2010 and wound-up in November of the same year. During this time it travelled to five different venues in four different parts of the U.S.: Queens Botanical Garden (Flushing, NY), The Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education and Asian Arts Initiative (Philadelphia, PA), Accident Gallery (Eureka, CA), and The A.D. Gallery at the University of North Carolina at Pembroke (Pembroke, NC). Of the sixteen artists whose work was exhibited as part of “Going Green”, eight artists travelled to America to create site-specific works.

In this interview, Allen tells us a little about the environmental art movement as it exists in Taiwan and internationally as well as offering insight into the running of this somewhat unique touring exhibition. It is a must-read for curators and art event organisers, as well as for anyone interested in contemporary environmental art.

Why did you decide to call the exhibition “Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan”?

Well, I used the word ‘going’ to indicate that it is happening now. Environmental art in Taiwan is, I think, a very new movement. … I think it’s something that some [Taiwanese artists] haven’t heard of until the last ten years. … It’s really difficult for most artists [in Taiwan] to find a place to do this kind of work if they are interested in it.

‘Going Green’ [is] also a catchy title and when you’re creating a show, you always [want] something in the title that will catch people’s attention and be easy to remember.

Jane Ingram Allen, curator of 2010's "Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan".

Jane Ingram Allen, curator of 2010's "Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan".

When I thought of the title, since I’m a visual person, I had the … image of a beautiful green rice field [and] that’s the essence of Taiwanese culture, or at least the traditional culture. Of course, you know that Formosa means ‘beautiful island’. The Portuguese called [Taiwan] Formosa because they saw it as this green jewel in the ocean.

I thought of the subtitle, ‘New Environmental Art From Taiwan’, [because the show contains] recent work. I think the oldest piece in the show [was made in] maybe 2006 and most of these artists have only been doing this kind of work for the last four years. It’s not something that they have a long history of doing [even though] most of them are established artists in Taiwan.

So does the title “Going Green” embody a certain message?

I wanted to show to the world that there are artists in Taiwan that are thinking about environmental issues and that are presenting a different viewpoint. It’s not the same viewpoint as [the West] has of environmental art. Their work is, of course, coming from their [own] background and experience as all art does.

When I was going around with the exhibition to the four different places in the U.S., one thing that people would always say to me was, ‘Wow! Thanks so much for bringing this here. This is really different.’

You know there are Taiwanese-Americans in many … cities in America. Usually [these communities] stay in the major metropolitan areas like New York City. But then other parts of America, like Pembroke, North Carolina, where we had the fourth show, [the community there] has probably never met any people from Taiwan or even any people from Asia.

Did that influence you in your choice of venue? Did you want to take “Going Green” to places where people would find the work surprising?

Absolutely. I wanted to [show in] four places in America and I wanted them to be very different….

Venue One (Flushing, NY)

One [venue was] a botanical garden … in Queens, Flushing. You get off the subway in and … all the signs are in Chinese. There are markets on the street just like in Taipei. You walk up the main street and you’re in the botanical garden. It’s just a wonderful world of nature right in the middle of the city. I’d been to that botanical garden as an artist-in-residence myself … so I was very familiar with the place and knew the people there. … They have a very international audience.

Queens Botanical Garden is also known for it’s green administration building. It’s just a great place for environmental art because they do have that emphasis. They have a very small gallery space, it’s part of their lobby, and they have a big multipurpose room [that] they put a lot of the art in [for 'Going Green']…. I knew they had great spaces for outdoor sculptures. Part of this show, which is kind of unusual, is that I bring two artists from Taiwan to each place to make site-specific installations.

Venues Two and Three (Philidelphia, PA)

For the second venue I picked Philadelphia … [which] has a long history and is the place where the constitution was signed. You’ve got the Liberty Bell and then you’ve also got very good art institutions there.

I [was] in Philadelphia many years ago as an artist-in-residence at the Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education and I thought that venue would be perfect for a show about environmental art. I also knew that Philadelphia had a Taiwanese or Chinese-American community and that we could make some connections there and actually we did cooperate with the Asian Arts Initiative.

[The Asian Arts Initiative is] a great place. They’ve just got a new building that’s in downtown, the center of Philadelphia, and then the Schuylkill Center is kind of out in the Roxbury area in the northeast. So the site-specific pieces where at the Schuylkill Center, which is a nature center, and then the other part of the show, the gallery part, was in Asian Arts Initiative. It was the first time those two organisations had worked together or even knew about each other.

Yu Wen-fu's 'Changes of Bamboo' was created for the 2006 Guandu International Outdoor Sculpture Festival. Documentation of the installation was shown as part of "Going Green" in 2010.

Yu Wen-fu's 'Changes of Bamboo' was created for the 2006 Guandu International Outdoor Sculpture Festival. Documentation of the installation was shown as part of "Going Green" in 2010.

Did the Schuylkill Center and Asian Arts Initiative attract different audiences to “Going Green”?

They were totally different. You had all these nature-oriented people at the Schuylkill Center and then you had all these inner-city people and art professionals at Asian Arts Initiatives. I think that’s what environmental art does in some ways, it brings together the environmental scientists, the nature-lovers and the art people.

I think more and more people in the art world are also becoming aware … [that] the environment is in trouble and that art should be saying something about it or helping to raise awareness about it.

Venue Four (Eureka, CA)

The third place [we took 'Going Green' to] was Eureka, California. I definitely wanted to have some place on the West Coast and get the show out of the Eastern seaboard, get this art seen somewhere else in America.

I knew about Eureka because I have an artist friend who lives there and we’ve cooperated on shows before in New York, so I just wrote her an email and she contacted … Accident Gallery. She was also on the public art committee for the city of Eureka and she arranged that we could do [one of the] site-specific pieces outdoors along the [city's] boardwalk. [So] we had a piece of public art that brought more attention to this show. The opening [of the show] was a big celebration in the city….

It seems that your choice of venues for “Going Green” were somewhat dependent on the American art industry contacts that you already had.

The [venue choices] were just spontaneous in a way because there were people that I knew in each place. The whole problem sometimes in dealing with Taiwanese [organisations] is they cannot plan very far in advance. I knew I wanted to do the show and I actually started researching before I even knew it was funded. But I only had about three months to actually confirm everything and then it opened in July [2010].

How do you work around this challenge of only having a short time to prepare for an exhibition? Do you think it changes the project at all?

It’s amazing that it did work out very well. I think it was because I had done a lot of pre-planning and had alerted all these people and they had said, ‘Yes we will do it.’ But it would’ve been very bad if we’d had to back out at the last minute. In America, most galleries plan two years in advance at least. So these people where doing me a big favour…. It’s very scary as a curator and an organiser that you cannot confirm [your show]. All the artists had already said ‘Yes, we’ll do it’ and I had arranged for them to send their work. [But] that’s the way things work here. I have never been anywhere where you can walk into a museum and say ‘Here’s my work – I would like to have a show here’ and they’ll say ‘Can you do it in three months?’

Do you think this method of art event planning is disorganised? Or do you think it’s just a different way of doing things?

It’s just a different way of doing things. For art professionals from the West it’s difficult because we are so used to having this two-year time frame and planning everything carefully. But if you can be spontaneous you can take advantage of that. And maybe sometimes you get fresher art shows and newer artists. You’re not tied to the calendar and this set-in-stone planning that the West is used to.

Let’s get back to the venues. Where and what was the fourth venue you chose to exhibit “Going Green” at?

Venue Five (Pembroke, NC)

I wanted to exhibit at some place in the southern part of the country. I had met two professors from the University of North Carolina at Pembroke because they had been Fulbright Scholars in Taiwan a couple years after I was. So when I was doing the show I [asked them if they could] contact the gallery there on campus and see if they would be interested in exhibiting ‘Going Green’. [The professors] were very supportive of Taiwanese art. They worked in digital art [and] the Taiwanese are [very strong in digital art], so I thought it would be a great place for the exhibition. [The exhibition] connects with [the university's] curriculum in many different ways.

Su-chen Hung's 'Tree with Arteries' (2009) was inspired by a dead tree the artist saw lying in a park. Says Hung, "Trees have arteries; they can feel the pain when we human beings are killing them." Image courtesy of the artist.

Su-chen Hung's 'Tree with Arteries' (2009) was inspired by a dead tree the artist saw lying in a park. Says Hung, "Trees have arteries; they can feel the pain when we human beings are killing them." Image courtesy of the artist.

The University of North Carolina at Pembroke [is located in] a very small town that was totally different from the other places that the show had been in; most of the town is the campus.

So did you want to hold “Going Green” there because it was such a small isolated town? Because there wasn’t so much direct exposure for the students to art produced overseas?

Yes, I wanted to do it there because it was a small town [and] because it was in the south, and also because it’s an area that is very Native American. I thought that would be very interesting for the Taiwanese artists. You know, during my time in Taiwan I’ve explored the aboriginal culture here and learned a little bit about it and I think there’s a definite similarity between Native American culture and aboriginal Taiwanese culture.

Are any of the artists in the show from an aboriginal Taiwanese background? Do any of them work with aboriginal communities or with aboriginal ideas?

Some of [the artists] have done some work in aboriginal communities and some are very interested in that area. And I think in general for people in Taiwan, Native American civilisation and culture is very interesting.

I also thought it was very important to do it at a university. [Pembroke] was the only place we got into anything like a political discussion about the future of Taiwan. It was with an Asian history class and it was fascinating.

And then, also, North Carolina at Pembroke is in a very agricultural area. I picked Chuan-chu Lin for North Carolina because I knew his work had a great connection to agriculture and I knew that the Carolinas had grown rice in the very early days of colonial America. We cooperated with a local farmer and he gave us [some] hay bales for the site-specific installation that Lin made. This farmer was fascinated by it. He had never thought of hay bales as art material [and] now he is thinking about doing some field art….

The other artist, Chin Chih Yang, is a performance and video artist and I picked him because I knew that [Pembroke] had a strong video or new media [art] department. He wanted to make his piece, Coughing Earth, in the gallery but he also wanted to make it roving…. He used a wheel chair as a symbol of a sick earth, put projectors on it, decorated it with some tree branches and projected images of … rising water and fish on all the campus buildings.

So his main problem was trying to figure out how could he make this projector [portable]…. He had heard from somebody that maybe he could use a car battery. So we were going around to all of the auto part stores in Pembroke [and] finally we found this one guy that … got a battery out of an old truck and just gave it to the artist. You know, he had never met anybody from Taiwan [before].

It was just another example of the way that people responded to these foreign artists who were there to make this art. ['Going Green'] was about the environment and involving the community.

That’s nice. Did you find that the local community was as responsive at every other venue “Going Green” travelled to?

In all of the places [the community response] was just amazing. Of course, in New York and Philadelphia it wasn’t such a big deal. But still, they were very nice people and very helpful.

One thing that I think is really important about this show is that it brought two artists from Taiwan to each venue, so the local community had personal contact with the artists and with Taiwanese culture. Usually when a show is traveling around you don’t even see the artist and it’s very impersonal. I thought that was really important when I was designing and curating ‘Going Green’; I wanted to have that personal contact. And for environmental art it’s very important to be site-specific. You should connect with the place [you are exhibiting in].

Documentation of Ya-chu Kang's installation 'Skeletons' (2009), made of non-biodegradable garbage for the 2009 exhibition "Turning the Tide", was shown as part of "Going Green" in 2010. Image courtesy of the artist.

Documentation of Ya-chu Kang's installation 'Skeletons' (2009), made of non-biodegradable garbage for the 2009 exhibition "Turning the Tide", was shown as part of "Going Green" in 2010. Image courtesy of the artist.

Why is it so important for environmental art to connect with the place it’s made in?

Environmental art is about the place it is made. It can be more general, it can be about the world environment in general, but usually if it is site-specific it relates to that particular place and [the audience] can see it’s made from [local] materials. [The site-specific work in ‘Going Green’] has something to do with something that is happening in [the local] community as well as what is happening in Taiwan.

Did the artists who went out to each venue plan their site-specific works before they left Taiwan for America or was the work created spontaneously?

I picked sixteen artists [for the show] and we could only afford to send two to each place. That meant half of them … were just going to send their work. And some preferred that because they were too busy or didn’t really do site-specific work. I asked [the artists who wanted to do site-specific works] … to send me a proposal of something they would like to do. After I saw [the proposals] I was able to pick because I knew each of these places in America.

For Eureka I picked garbage and then I picked an artist that works with trees, Su-Chen Hung, because Northern California is where they have a big logging industry, the problem with clear-cutting and the redwoods [there] are in danger because of climate change. In Pembroke, I wanted one piece that used new technology and then we had one piece that was related to farming. In Philadelphia, I had an artist who was much more in tune with nature. One of the artists that went there, Chao-chang Lee, is very much into meditation. People were totally fascinated [with] his piece, called Everything is Buddha. It was a huge earth work, like a drawing on the earth, made with pine straw.

Watch a video of Chao-chang Lee’s Everything is Buddha performance on Vimeo.

Were there any artists that you asked to go to certain places that declined the offer?

Yes, there were. Because of their schedules and that sort of thing.

I want to travel this show in Asia in 2011. I think I’ll keep the same artists, I might add a few more, but I might pick different artists to do site-specific pieces if they are available because I think it is such an opportunity for the artist. It stretches them. First of all, they have to go somewhere and be in a different culture and find their materials, and it gives them an opportunity to make a big piece that maybe they would never make [otherwise]. And, of course, it is good for the venue. They have a piece that … fits their place.

Sure, sure. Were each of the venues receptive towards “Going Green” when you first contacted them or did you have to do a bit of convincing?

I had to do a bit of convincing, of course, [but] because I had some personal connections with the places it was kind of easy.

You know the Taiwanese government and the Taipei Cultural Center were very generous in supporting this. They paid me as the curator, they paid for a catalogue essay, they paid for the travel of the artist, they paid for the shipping of the art works and they paid for the catalogue, the posters and the promotional materials. So the show was essentially free. But we wanted to make it a cooperative thing [with the American organisations involved]. They had to provide a place for the exhibition, a place for two site-specific pieces and they had to provide accommodation in each place for the artists.

The artists [also got] a small fee. I insist that the artists get a fee [with all the exhibitions I organise] because I’m an artist myself and I know how it is. You have to live. So even the artists who didn’t go to America got a very small fee to pack their work up or print it out or whatever they had to do. Many of these pieces in the show are documentation so maybe the artist didn’t have a big photograph of their work and would have to get that printed. The site-specific artists [got] … a higher fee.

What kind of accommodation was usually provided by the host organisation for the artists travelling with “Going Green”?

Usually it worked out that we stayed with the director. The only place we had to have a hotel was in Queens, Flushing. It gave the artists much more of an experience of America to stay in a home. [The cross-culture experience] is really important for this show,… to give this kind of cross-cultural exchange for the Taiwanese artists as well as the people in America.

Is cross-cultural exchange also an important part of environmental art creation?

If you start looking at environmental artists, many of them are oriented toward public art and community involvement and making participatory pieces. [For 'Going Green'] I picked artists [that work in this way] because … I naturally gravitate toward artists that have the attitude that art is just not in museums but it’s something that is related to life in general. Of course, I wanted really good art and good artists but I also wanted art that ordinary people could relate to in some way. There are always different [ways] of understanding contemporary art and that’s one thing that makes it exciting. I think environmental art is much more viewer-friendly than most contemporary art.

Historically I think environmental art has [always] been outdoors and in public. In the U.S. in the 60s and the 70s, when artists were doing earth art and land art, they would put their work in very remote places, like out in the desert. There wasn’t a big audience there.

Chao-chang Lee's site-specific artwork 'Everything is Buddha', created in 2010 at The Schuylkill Centre for Environmental Education in Philidelphia for the environmental exhibition "Going Green". Image courtesy of the artist.

Chao-chang Lee's site-specific artwork 'Everything is Buddha', created in 2010 at The Schuylkill Centre for Environmental Education in Philidelphia for the environmental exhibition "Going Green". Image courtesy of the artist.

Why would these early American environmental artists create their work in the desert?

I don’t know. I think that was just because that was where the space was. And then they would photograph it and bring it into the gallery that way. But I think now environmental art is much more connected to communities and to people and audiences. A lot of the work is participatory and in public spaces.

Mali Wu, one of the artists in this show, made a huge vegetable garden in the courtyard of the [Taipei Fine Arts] Museum [for the 2008 Taipei Biennial] and involved a whole lot of people. I think that’s one of the really interesting huge pieces of environmental art that is also very public art from Taiwan. It’s a new thing for everybody to have that much of a participatory [aspect to] their art.

Were there any artists in “Going Green” that moved away from their usual method of making?

I think [the exhibition experience] definitely had an influence on a lot of [the artists], especially those who did the site-specific pieces.

Were all of the artists selected to do site-specific pieces experienced in creating large-scale public pieces of art using natural materials?

They have had some site-specific experience. I didn’t want to take anybody that had never done this before because it’s too risky. Most of them had some international experience, too.

I think [the artists] will think more about what they are using as materials and how their work interacts with the environment. Some of them, frankly, had never really thought about this [before].

Did most of the artists in “Going Green” focus specifically on environmental issues or did you pick them because you saw the environmental aspects of their work?

I picked them because I saw the environmental side. Sometimes [the artist] didn’t even see it and that was very interesting to me.

Did you expect them, because they were making work that you saw as environmentally-focussed, to see their work as environmental art?

I thought they would. Like the artist Chien-hua Huang who did the big photo of the rhino, [Rhinoceros from his "Beasts" series]…. I think it’s fantastic but I don’t think he really saw his work as making some sort of environmental statement.

I had the artists write [an artist] statement and send it to me with their pictures and I wanted the statement, of course, to have something to do with the environment. But many times it had nothing to do with it. Now, I don’t know if it was just an English problem or not but I really think it’s just that they had never really thought of their work in the context of being environmental. So I think this will have an influence on them, being in this show, and they will start to say, ‘I need to think about this.’

Do you see an environmental art scene developing in Taiwan?

I think that there are more artists that are getting interested in it. More and more are finding out that there are ways that you can engage the environment in your work because of opportunities like ‘Going Green’. I think because the environment is becoming such a pressing issue everywhere. Taiwan, because it is a smaller island, is going to be more affected because it is very crowded and very urbanised. I think even artists are starting to see this and think that it may be an important issue for them to make art about.

Fay Ku's 'Invasive Species' is just one of several works on paper by the artist exhibited as part of 2010's "Going Green" exhibition. Image courtesy of the artist.

Fay Ku's 'Invasive Species' (2010) is one of four works on paper by the artist exhibited as part of 2010's "Going Green" exhibition. Image courtesy of the artist.

You said some of the artists that exhibited art in “Going Green” didn’t realise that their work could be interpreted as being environmentally-focussed. Do you think that there are any Taiwanese artists that consciously create art that talks about environmental issues?

There are very few and most of them have had a Western education. It would never come out of China. And I think that is one way Chinese and Taiwanese artists are different. There are some artists in Taiwan, from this show, that are definitely making art with the intention of improving or raising awareness about environmental issues. Like Chin Chih Yang, all of his work is about global warming and the human causes of this phenomenon. And Mali Wu, she’s very focused on the community.

Do you think it is the place of art to talk about environment-related issues? Do you think that art can help raise awareness of these issues?

I don’t think that art can change the world but I do think that art can raise awareness and present things from a different point of view. Scientists can tell us about global warming, that it’s caused by this, this and this, but sometimes that doesn’t have the same effect as the more indirect approach an artist may take. I don’t like art that is too preachy, that crosses the line to become propaganda. I want it first to be art and about aesthetic issues, as well as about the environment. I think there is a fine line there.

Is that what you tried to do with “Going Green”?

That is what I tried to do, to go for those artists that created work that was still art but that did have something to say about the environment.

Why is that important to you, as a curator and as the organiser of “Going Green”? Why is the aesthetic nature of the art so important?

Well, it’s an art show. It’s not meant to just push the environment. I think you can see in the art world there are some shows that almost cross that line. It’s interesting as an artist and a curator to think about that: How is art about the environment different from other approaches? And it’s really a hard thing to define. All of these artists are artists, that’s where they come from. They are not environmental scientists.

Do you think many of the artists in “Going Green” would call themselves environmental artists?

Not particularly.

Do you think many artists internationally call themselves environmental artists?

I don’t think many people call themselves environmental artists because they do many things and this is just one aspect of their work. And I think that’s good. I don’t think that will change. You know, I think artists are always engaged with what’s happening in their time, or they should be. For so many years in Taiwan it was ‘What is it to be Taiwanese?’ and ‘How can we deal with that?’ It is very slowly evolving away from that concern, but I think that is still a very important issue for Taiwanese artists.

And I suppose, in some ways, speaking about local environmental issues is talking about your country, your society.

It definitely is and you can definitely see it in the work in ‘Going Green’. It’s definitely talking about local problems that become global.

You know, when I was trying to find artists for this show, a lot of them I knew from previous shows that I had done. But a lot of them I didn’t know and I would just have to say to an artist that I did know, ‘Do you have any friends who are doing some stuff that might be connected with nature or the environment … in some way?’ They would send me some names and I would ask for more material if it looked at all interesting.

Did you follow a specific selection criteria when selecting artists for “Going Green”? Did you find yourself drawn to what you, as and artist and curator, found interesting, or did you look for what you thought would be interesting for your audience?

Well both, I think. I have to think, as a curator, what the potential audience might think about it but, first of all, it has to interest me. If it doesn’t interest me, I don’t think it’s going to interest anybody else much.

Ping-Yu Pan's 'An Unapproachable Shore' was exhibited in 2007 at Guandu Nature Park. She created a site-specific installation called 'Ark for Plants' as part of 2010's "Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan". Image courtesy of the artist.

Ping-Yu Pan's 'An Unapproachable Shore' was exhibited in 2007 at Guandu Nature Park. She created a site-specific installation called 'Ark for Plants' as part of 2010's "Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan". Image courtesy of the artist.

Do you find that you are interested in a broad range of media or do you zone in on specific mediums?

I’ve become very interested in photography and new media since I’ve been in Taiwan because you see more of [it] here. And I really like things that have natural materials. I think that’s from my own background. I grew up in Alabama and my father was a farmer. I was trained as a painter and … got into sculpture after that. I’m very interested in 3-dimensional and time-based art and I’ve even become very interested in performance art.

A broad range of interests! Do you believe that artists and curators need to be open to many different forms of art?

I think artists and curators need to have that kind of mind. And I think I wouldn’t be here [in Taiwan] unless I had that kind of mind. I would still be in Alabama.

You mentioned earlier that you want to tour “Going Green” through the Asian region in 2011?

I want to tour Asia. I want to see if we could raise some conversation about how Taiwanese art is different from other Asian art and find out if there are any other Asian countries that are interested in [art that focusses on] environmental issues. I’ve found a few [artists] in Japan and in Korea but I don’t think [there is any environmental art made] in mainland China or that there’s any concept of it [there], nor in places like Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand,… maybe in Thailand. I’ve had a few good proposals from Indian artists. And, of course, it would be less expensive [to tour the exhibition through Asia]. Shipping might be a little easier.

You talk here about using “Going Green” to start up a dialogue about environmental art in Asia. Was this generation of conversation also a focus for the American exhibition?

That happened in all of the places [in America]. We had gallery drops and open studios so ordinary people could walk in and see the artists doing what they were doing and then in some places we had panel discussions and…

I’ve done much more than a curator would ordinarily do. A curator ordinarily would just pick the work, write the essay and do the concept and then not get involved in anything else. But [the sponsoring organisations] would have never been able to do this without me doing everything.

Have you enjoyed being so heavily involved in the organisation of “Going Green”?

It’s more than I ever thought I would do when I agreed to do this show. I didn’t really envisage going to each of the four places [in America] but I think it would have been very difficult for the travelling artists to handle everything. It’s very funny. I don’t speak very much Chinese at all but I found myself being a translator.

It may have been difficult to foster connections between the Taiwanese artists and the local community without your input…

And good relationships and also just finding materials [for the site-specific works] would’ve been a big problem. Also, I gave a talk at each venue as did the two artists. The artists were not comfortable speaking English, especially to a big group. I would tell them to just show a lot of pictures … and then we would always have the audience ask questions and that really helps. [It’s easier] to answer a question than just make a speech.

Overall, do you think “Going Green” was a successful exhibition?

I’m happy with it. I had [the artists] write a report about their experience and we’re putting that in with the final paperwork for the CCA [Council for Cultural Affairs, Taiwan]. Their experiences have been very good and they mentioned how they have a different appreciation for American culture and the opportunity to do this kind of exhibit. I think it’s been a very successful exhibit and probably got more promotion for Taiwan than any government-organised exhibit that went to the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco or Buffalo because this had many more public elements and … contact with difference parts of America.

We thought we just had to take this exhibit to the [Taipei] Cultural Center in the middle of Manhattan but then we decided that no, we would do it all over America, and I thought that was very adventurous of the Cultural Centre, really forward-thinking. They have exhibits in New York City and you get the same audience there. … But to really get new people coming [to an exhibit], you have to make some real stretches. I think this was very different for them to do, even for the Council of Cultural Affairs to sponsor this.

More on “Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan”

Below is a slideshow made up of images taken at the five American venues during the course of “Going Green”. Watch it below or on our YouTube channel.

The sixteen artists involved in “Going Green: New Environmental Art From Taiwan” were: Li-shan Chang, Chung-ho Cheng, Kuo-chun Chiu, Julie Chou, Aihua Hsia, Chien-hua Huang, Su-chen Hung, Ya-chu Kang, Fay Ku, Chao-chang Lee, Chuan-chu Lin, Chia-ping Lu, Ping-yu Pan, Mali Wu, Chin Chih Yang and Wen-fu Yu.

Eight of these artists travelled to America to create site-specific works at four of the five venues: Queens Botanical Garden hosted Cheng-ho Cheng (Quaver) and Chia-ping Lu (Wish), Su-Chen Hung (Baby Green) and Ya-chu Kang (Hero) went to Eureka, Schuylkill Center for Environmental Education hosted Chao-chang Lee (Everything is Buddha) and Ping-Yu Pan (Ark for Plants), and Chuan-chu Lin (Wishing Well) and Chin Chih Yang (Coughing Earth) went to The A.D. Gallery in Pembroke.

Watch a video of Ping-Yu Pan’s site-specific installation Ark for Plants on Vimeo.

An informative gift!

Jane Ingram Allen has kindly gifted you, our readers, with a downloadable PDF of a list of significant environmental art exhibitions and symposia in Taiwan since 2003 as it was printed in the “Going Green” exhibition catalogue. This list was compiled by Patricia Watts (founder of ecoartspace at www.ecoartspace.org) with additions by Jane Ingram Allen and should not be reprinted without notifying and crediting the authors.

Click here to download or view the free PDF list of Taiwanese environmental art events.


Article link is at: http://artradarjournal.com/2011/01/05/taiwan-eco-art-exhibition-going-green-tours-america-curator-interview/?from=feedblitz_403966_3952700

Friday, December 3, 2010

Artist: Paula Hayes, Nocturne of the Limax maximus




Paula Hayes's assistant, John Gray, installs the plantings for the installation Nocturne of the Limax maximus

When Hermes and Aphrodite had a son, Hermaphroditus, who was fused with a nymph, Salmacis, the resulting person possessed the physical traits of both male and female—hence the term “hermaphrodite,” used in biology as a description of similarly dual reproductive traits in both plants and animals. Applied to humans, the term is considered derogatory—as the term “hermaphrodite” developed, in the Victorian age, a dehumanizing fetishistic/pornographic/freak-show connotation—and is now preferably replaced by “intersex.”

The Limax maxumus—the Leopard slug referred to in the title of my commissioned installationsimultaneous hermaphrodite” that is not capable of self-fertilization. It takes two to tango: with each being fertilized by the other via male anatomical delivery systems that protrude from the sides of their heads, dispensing sperm into one another’s internal ovaries during an unusually sensual and beautiful mating process. on view in MoMA’s lobby—is a “

So, the possession of both female and male “parts” occurs in many manifestations in both plants and animals with many nuances, characteristics, and abilities. What separates this physical classification of gender in humans is the pressure to conform to a binary gender system when other human dimensions come into play in the continuum of gender identification. Most specifically the spiritual, psychological, and emotional realms.

Close-up view of plantings for Paula Hayes's installation Nocturne of the Limax maximus

In a giant leap, I will go as far to say that our own particular nuances of gender, which are repressed by the pressure to uphold a binary system, seep into infinite areas of cultural expression. The areas that fascinate me most are the comparisons of female roles in not only art as an object, but in the practice of art making itself. The female’s status as a subject, through possibly marriage or genetic lineage (in portraiture), and divisive fetishistic roles since the beginning of human art production, potentially distracts us from a cultural feeling of the feminine forces of gestation, birth, and nurturing as not only subjects in art, but in the actual performance of art making and the literal transference to future generations in living art forms, forms that require varying degrees of participation to enact the intention of the work versus the conservation of a period of time known as the “time of execution.” Living art literally involves the attentive and continuous role of participants and caretakers in all aspects of the continuum of its manifestation and life; this reality is at its core—a core that is performed by humans along any point in the spectrum of gender. It is essential that there be an internal, collaborative maintenance of the life of the work so that it can exist as an artwork. Binary systems (such as owner/object) become irrelevant, while interrelatedness and continuously active and attentive devotion become essential.

November 30, 2010 - from the MoMA website


Thursday, December 2, 2010

Environmental Art Works by International Artists at Ping Ling Farm in Shuang-XI, Taipei County, Taiwan

Ping-Ling Farm, in southeastern Taipei County, hosted 3 international environmental artists from November 10 – 21, 2010. The artist-in-residency project introduced visitors, the local community and school children to environmental art and international artists and promoted cultural exchange about environmental issues. Ping Ling Farm is a private nature preserve and recreational park that promotes environmental education and nature awareness. This artist-in-residency project was the first time that Ping Ling Farm has invited artists to be in residence there and create works relating to the natural environment and educational programs at the Farm. The 3 international artists created site-specific environmental art installations from local natural materials and offered public programs for the visitors and local school groups. The artworks remain on view at Ping Ling Farm, and the public is invited to go and see them. This project was supported by the Taiwan Forestry Bureau and Ping Ling Farm.

The artists selected for this project are Jane Ingram Allen from the USA, Roger Tibon from the Philippines, and Lo, Yi-chun from Taiwan. Jane Ingram Allen is an American papermaking artist who has received grants for artist in residency projects in America, Japan, Nepal, Brazil, the Philippines, Bali Indonesia, and Tanzania, Africa as well as in Taiwan. Jane is also an independent curator and writer who has lived in Taiwan since 2004 when she came here with a Fulbright grant. Jane selected the other two artists for this project from artists she has worked with at other international environmental art festivals. Roger Tibon, from Baguio City, Philippines, has participated in many international festivals of environmental art in Korea, the Philippines, and Taiwan. Jane selected Roger to participate in the 2008 Guandu International Outdoor Sculpture Festival, and Roger created an outdoor environmental sculpture installation at Guandu Nature Park titled “The Shield” using local bamboo and reeds. Lo, Yi-chun of Taipei, Taiwan, received her MFA degree from the Taiwan National University of the Arts and has participated in many exhibitions in Taiwan. Jane selected Yi-chun to participate in the 2010 Cheng Long International Environmental Art Project, Yunlin County, Taiwan. For the Cheng Long project working with local school children and the community, Yi-chun created a sculpture installation titled “Listening” made from local bamboo and recycled oyster shells.

Here are the details and artist’s statements about the newly created artworks now on exhibition at Ping Ling Farm:

Artist: Roger Tibon, the Philippines

Title: Budding Dreams

Date Made: November 10 - 21, 2010

Dimensions: Variable, 8 units

Materials: Bamboo, rice straw, rope, twine

Statement: A dream is like a budding flower.

Nurtured by the rain and sun.

Blossoming into its fullness.

We dream of many things.

Big and small. A dream of hope. A wish.

A delicate vision that we aspire for.

A journey we choose towards a

caring fullness blossoming inside us.

Artist: Yi-Chun Lo, Taiwan

Title: Transformation

Date Made: November 10 – 21, 2010

Materials: Bamboo, rattan, rice straw, rope, carpet

Dimensions: 250cm(H)×300cm(W)×780cm(L)

Statement: I built a cocoon-like shape on a pathway at Ping Ling Farm in between trees. It was made of 3 rattan rings and covered by several weavings of bamboo strips. I utilized the bamboo’s natural bendable quality, from the front to the back. The cocoon is a symbol of the process of creation and transformation, following nature’s delicate life cycles.

Artist: Jane Ingram Allen, USA

Title: Shuang-Xi Site Map – Come Together

Date Made: November 10 - 21, 2010

Dimensions: 150 cm x 80 cm, 2-sided suspended construction

Materials: Handmade paper created from plants of Ping Ling Farm, thread, acrylic paint and gel, natural and found materials

Statement: This artwork in the shape of Shuang-Xi reflects my experience at Ping Ling Farm for 10 days as an artist in residence. This township, known as the place where two rivers come together, is also a place where friendly people come together to welcome visitors, help make artworks and enjoy nature. One side of this map shows the natural world, and the other side shows the culture I experienced here.

Artist: Jane Ingram Allen, USA

Title: Butterfly Heaven at Ping Ling Farm

Date Made: November10-21, 2010

Dimensions: Variable, 125 units, each 30 x 20 x 25 cm

Materials: Handmade paper created from plants collected at Ping Ling Farm, found natural materials, string, glue

Statement: This installation, inspired by the tremendous numbers of butterflies I saw at Ping Ling Farm, calls attention to the importance of preserving habitat where butterflies can flourish. The many different species and tremendous variety in “butterfly heaven” are expressed with each piece being unique and created by an individual participant. Students from the local elementary school and adult volunteers and visitors at Ping Ling Farm made the many butterflies in this installation.

For more information, please contact:
Jane Ingram Allen
Tel: 09-3037-5160
Ping Ling Farm
Tel: 09-1118-9406


Saturday, November 13, 2010

Artist: Agnes Denes


Agnes Denes, the eco-focused artist who has consistently blazed trails in environmental art throughout her career. Denes's monumental earthworks and exquisite drawings investigate the troubled relationship between Earth and humanity.

One of Denes's most iconic works, 1982's 'Wheatfield — A Confrontation' — probably one of the best-known projects in the field of land art — involved planting a two-acre wheat field in Battery Park landfill in New York City. The act of transplanting rural nature into the heart of urban Manhattan offered a powerful comment on "human values and misplaced priorities."

In 1996, Denes traveled to Finland and, with the help of volunteers from all over the world, created 'Tree Mountain — A Living Time Capsule,' a massive earthwork and reclamation project. The environmental intervention involved the construction of a “mountain” on the site of an old gravel quarry and the planting of 11,000 Finnish Pine trees in a mathematical pattern.

"The forest is patterned but spills over its boundaries in time as in space and concept," wrote Denes in an essay on the project. "It means re-establishing disturbed and destroyed land, creating roots to hold eroding land and keeping global warming down, photo synthesis up, clean ground water and a million things trees do besides grow and become aesthetics."

Other Denes projects have included a 1998 reforestation of an endangered tree species in Australia, planting crops in downtown Caracas, Venezuela, and exhibitions of mathematically inspired drawings, book projects and installations in major museums worldwide.

While her prolific output has slowed over the past decade, Agnes Denes has shown throughout her career the role art can play in shifting attitudes towards our natural environment.

Thursday, November 11, 2010

Artist: Pam Ayres - Practice Room - Grass Ball Installation



Practice Room, April 2007 - June 2007
Interlochen center for the Arts, Interlochen, MI

I did this installation with the help of Interlochen Art Academy Visual Art Students for the Earth day celebrations at the Interlochen Center for the Arts in the spring of 2007.
The other artists were ceramic installation artist Jennifer Teter and ceramic and performance artist Hoon Lee.

Recycled Boats at Lindisfarne of Northumberland



++ Photo by Kevin Wakelam

++ Photo by jones-y-gog

++ Photo by Fiona McPhie

Lindisfarne - Also known As Holy Island

A favorite holiday destinations in the UK is Northumberland with its miles and miles of unspoilt coastline. Whenever you go to Northumberland you should make a point of going to Lindisfarne, a tidal island, which is also known as Holy Island. Its not a big place, it has a population of just over 160, but large parts of it, along with its adjacent coastline is protected as a National Nature Reserve and it is also an island which is steeped in history.The views from Lindisfarne are second to none whether you turn out to sea or over to the mainland, and there is also large variety of bird life visiting the island.

lindisfarne boat sheds Buy at Art.com

Buy at Art.com Buy at Art.com

Friday, November 5, 2010

Lyttelton Flytower Grassing























Remember the "Black Square" by Kazimir Malevich?
National Theater's Lyttelton flytower ("flytower" is a part of a theatre above the stage), which is the artists' largest exterior work to date, is the embodiment of Malevich idea in architecture, only it's green and alive (though for a limited time). Sponsored by Bloomberg and produced by Artsadmin, this $100,000 "living' installation has transformed the well-known London landmark into a vertical green marvel, on which only clouds and passing airplanes seem to "graze".







(images credit: Simon, UK)


(image credit: newsfeed.kosmograd.com)


(image credit: nt-online.org)

760 sq.meters covered by grass, 30-meters high. 22 people from Artsadmin seeding grass on 10 levels, using some 2 billion seeds:


(image credit: ashdendirectory.org.uk)

Grassing the FlyTower

by Robert Butler, April 2007

You might expect the first line of a play to have an impact on a theatre audience. You might not expect it to have an impact on the building itself. But anyone who sees the National's Lyttelton fly tower covered in grass this summer (and wonders why) should turn to the work of the Swedish playwright August Strindberg.

Two years ago the National Theatre presented Caryl Churchill's version of Strindberg's A Dream Play. This surrealist drama, written in 1901, opens with the line, “Look how the tower has grown.” Before rehearsals, the director Katie Mitchell rang two artists she knew and left a message. Heather Ackroyd and Dan Harvey are best known for their pioneering use of grass. In 2003 they grew the inside of Dilston Grove, a deconsecrated concrete church in Bermondsey.

The whole interior of the building was carpeted in grass seedling that germinated, flourished and died. Katie Mitchell's message on their answerphone suggested that their next project might be the Lyttelton fly tower.

By chance, this was an idea that had occurred to the artists themselves. When Ackroyd and Harvey started working together in 1990, they used to pass the National Theatre (crossing Waterloo Bridge on the bus home to Brixton) and “wondered idly” about covering the fly tower. They dismissed the idea because they had never worked on that scale. Seventeen years later, this is exactly what they are going to do. It will be their biggest project to date.

Among many projects, in the intervening years, they have grown grass on the facade of the former Swiss Cavalry riding school in Zurich and a mausoleum in Riga. But Dilston Grove had been the most ambitious in size. “The church was such a large scale work,” says Ackroyd, “we had a sense that we could do something of this scale.”

They won't be doing all four sides of the fly tower. It's the right angle facing Waterloo Bridge that appeals to them most. The east side was never an option as it looks straight onto another wall of the theatre. “It's like the back of the fridge,” says Ackroyd. They will be doing the north and west sides (north faces the river; west faces Parliament). In total, the area they will cover is 760 square metres, larger than the 725 square metres inside Dilston Grove.

It's a big task, and one that has to be done quickly, which is why Ackroyd and Harvey have recruited 22 assistants. Two tons of clay will be carefully mixed on site. The clay needs to have a definite consistency. “Like cream cheese,” says Harvey. One team will mix the clay. Another team will deliver the materials to the scaffolding. Eight assistants will be up the scaffolding on the north face and another eight on the west face.

These two teams will apply a thin layer of clay to the concrete surface and then take handfuls of germinated seeds (that have been soaked in sacks) and push them into the clay. Ackroyd and Harvey estimate each assistant can cover 20 square metres a day.

They will be using 25 sacks of seed. Most of that will be standard amenity grass: a mix of fine-leaf perennial rye grass and creeping red fescue that is used in parks and on football pitches. But there will also be some very new seed that is drought resistant (a sign of the increasingly hot summers). Each sack weighs 25 kilos. “We were trying to work out, in a rather anorakish way,” says Ackroyd, “how many seeds would be up there, and the man at British Seed Houses estimated that in a gram of seeds you get 3000 individual seeds.” That's 25 x 25 x 1000 x 3000 = 1,875,000,000 seeds.

Within hours, then, nearly two billion seeds will be getting thirsty. Trying to find the right water source has delayed the project, which was originally scheduled for last September. The 'FlyTower' was never going to be an artwork that could accommodate a hosepipe ban. The way round has been to access the 'ground water' that collects in the National's carpark, and pump it from the basement to the fly tower.

The water had to be sent off to be tested. It's not drinkable, of course – there will be no 'gently carbonated' FlyTower water available in the foyers – but it's not saline either. It's fine for watering the grass and fine, too, for many other uses round the building. Until the tests were done, the National was piping ground water straight to the sewers, now it is using the water in other areas. It is a win-win situation: the theatre has saved on its Thames Water bill and introduced another energy-saving measure.

It will take the seeds two to three days to reorientate themselves on the clay surface, and then delicate green blades will appear. Rye grass takes five to seven days to germinate, fescue eight to ten days. After a week, the scaffolding and protective netting will be taken down and the grass exposed to the elements. Soon after, Ackroyd and Harvey will stop watering the grass and allow the luxuriant pelt to follow its own course. The cycle of growth and decay will make a striking contrast to the immutable concrete strata of Denys Lasdun's design. Five weeks later, a skip will arrive, the senescent grass will be peeled off, and the concrete underneath will look (as last year's trial showed) a little bit sprucer.

It would be wrong to think of Ackroyd and Harvey as guerrilla gardeners. An art catalogue would place 'FlyTower', very properly, within a framework of pieces that present natural processes in places of architectural interest. 'FlyTower' would be seen as a time-based exhibit that combines Ackroyd and Harvey's interest in sculpture, botany and ecology. It would be related to the bio-chemical researches that Ackroyd and Harvey have done on chlorophyll that underpins (in other work) their use of photosynthesis, and to the recent crystallised whale skeleton, that demonstrates their preoccupation with transformation. The art critic, no doubt, would touch on themes of erosion, transience and evanescence.

Later in May, the South Bank will become the site for another new work of art. The sculptor Antony Gormley is placing sculptural casts of his body on rooftops and public walkways across London. 'Event Horizon' has been commissioned by the South Bank Centre to celebrate the re-opening of the Festival Hall. The arrival of human figures across the city skyline will probably coincide with the fading of the 'FlyTower' grass. Some may find an ecological message in this.

In 1893, Strindberg was in London during an abnormally hot summer. When he crossed Waterloo Bridge, he suffered a hallucinatory attack. It's unlikely, now, that he will be the only person to cross Waterloo Bridge and imagine that he or she is seeing things. As the first line in A Dream Play says, “the tower has grown”.

© Robert Butler, April 2007

http://www.ashdendirectory.org.uk/featuresView.asp?pageIdentifier=200732_37957400

Sunday, October 3, 2010

Glory to the Sun


Glory to the Sun
Linda Weintraub: Contemporary Art Educator - Sunday, 03 October 2010



WIAA: Earth Day Special (2007-04-23)




Tuesday, September 28, 2010

An Essay by Linda Weintraub that was presented at Interlochen for Earthday

The 'Poster Child' vs. the 'Enfant Terrible'

by Linda Weintraub
Copyright Linda Weintraub

In order to demonstrate the extraordinary latitude provided within the category of eco-art making, I selected two artists who represent polar extremes of this endeavor. A consensus of opinion clusters around each. One is highly respected for pursuing noble causes and creating uplifting visions. The other attracts contempt for being a publicity seeking opportunist whose works are merely calculated for shock value.

The ‘Poster Child’ is Andy Goldsworthy. He has earned status as a poster child because his work serves as a prominent example of a righteous cause - the refinement of human sensibilities that are in tune with the visual splendor of nature. His art is universally acclaimed as ‘beautiful’.

The ‘Enfant Terrible’ is Damien Hirst. He has earned notoriety as an enfant terrible because he indulges in startlingly unconventional behavior that disturbs most and enrages many. Hirst engages gruesome subjects like morbidity, putrefaction, decay. His sculptures are often denounced as loathsome, the opposite of beautiful.

Andy Goldsworthy (born 1956 in England) creates stunning photographic images that evoke the optical magnificence of the natural environment. Instead of recording happenstance occurrences, he summons his craftsmanship and ingenuity to compose the images that serve as the subject matter for these photographs. Nonetheless, he is embraced as an eco artist because his studio is outdoors (streams, forests, shores, fields, etc), because his medium consists of organic or mineral components discovered within these environments (actual twigs, ice, petals, snow, leaves, and stones), and because his tools are scavenged from the resources found on site (feather quills, thorns, reeds, water, or the artist’s own spit).

Goldsworthy’s works are site-specific. Climate, season, and weather determine all but one of the aesthetic ingredients in his works of art. Composition is exclusively of his own devising. “Soul of a Tree”, for example, was generated by applying the natural adhering capability of ice to ice as it begins to melt and then refreezes. Goldsworthy harnessed this force to prod icicles into an implausible form. His icicle is a slim serpentine spiral that encircles the thick dark trunk of a tree. The form defies gravity and is too precarious to be ‘natural’. The scene was staged to create a gorgeous, two-dimensional image that celebrates human willfulness more than nature’s wonders. One privileged instant of visual perfection precedes the icicle’s inevitable demise. As in all his works, his constructions must survive just long enough for the shutter to be snapped. Then they can be claimed by time and the elements and revert to their status as normal leaves, grass, sticks, ice, and rocks within an ecosystem. It is the artist’s ordering efforts that made them intelligible as works of art.

Damien Hirst (born in 1965 in England) created a work entitled A Thousand Years” (1990) that became a sensation in the infamous “Sensation” exhibition that launched the careers of a hot young brood of British artists. The work presented the festering severed head of a cow infested with flies and maggots. These grizzly elements were installed within a steel-framed, glass-sided 7 x 24 x 7 foot vitrine that was divided into two compartments. One side showed the cool formalism of Minimal art; it contained a white cube with a portal opening on each side. The other side held the rotting remains of the cow head. An eerie blue light bathed this macabre scene. It originated from a ultra-violet fly zapper suspended over the cow’s head. These compartments were home to swarms of flies and maggots that mated and gave birth in one cubicle, and feasted and died in the other. Viewers encountered rotting flesh, glass walls stained in yellow fly excrement, and shriveled fly corpses heaped beneath the zapper.

Sensationalism is evidence that a taboo has been violated. The hysteria surrounding ‘A Thousand Years’ provided evidence of society’s lunatic denial that matter decomposes. It is no wonder that people were revolted. The artwork presented irrefutable evidence that hamburgers are actually slaughtered cows and by eating dead animals we are behaving just like maggots. Hirst exposed the squeamishness that accompanies decaying organic matter and the reasons why - it isn’t pretty and it smells foul. Ecologically, however, there is no reason to fret. The eco system provides a fastidious clean-up crew: turkey vultures, carrion beetles, maggots, and fungi. These ecological ‘sanitation’ workers savor the mess and recycle it through their digestive tracts, liberating elemental materials that can now contribute to a new life form. Hirst’s sculpture manifests death’s role in the regeneration of life, a vital ingredient in the health and longevity of eco systems.

The two artists use opposite entrances into the arena of eco art. Hirst accepts the entirety of natural processes, including rot and decay. In this manner he defies the prejudices that derive from a culture that immunizes citizens against the truth of our mortality and physical degradation. By accepting messiness and unpredictability, he presents the truth. Goldsworthy, on the other hand, isolates the pretty part of the cycle and banishes evidence of other half - sustenance, growth, evolution, interaction, productivity, complexity, fluidity, putrefaction, and death. By contriving picture-perfect constructions, he presents beauty.

Truth or beauty? Viewers are free to determine which approach fosters sensitivity to the functioning of ecosystems and concern for the well-being of the environment.